ABSTRACT
Gene editing is a kind of technologies that makes precise modification to the genome. It can be used to knock out/in and replace the specific DNA fragment, and make accurate gene editing on the genome level. The essence of the technique is the DNA sequence change with use of non homologous end link repair and homologous recombination repair, combined with specific DNA target recognition and endonuclease.This technology has wide range of development prospects and high application value in terms of scientific research, agriculture, medical treatment and other fields. In the field of gene therapy, gene editing technology has achieved cross-time success in cancers such as leukemia, genetic disorders such as hemophilia, thalassemia, multiple muscle nutritional disorders and retrovirus associated infectious diseases such as AIDS and other diseases. The preparation work for new experimental methods and animal models combined with gene editing technology is under rapid development and improvement. Laboratories around the world have also applied gene editing technique in prevention of malaria, organ transplantation, biological pharmaceuticals, agricultural breeding improvement, resurrection of extinct species, and other research areas. This paper summarizes the application and development status of gene editing technique in the above fields, and also preliminarily explores the potential application prospect of the technology in the field of traditional Chinese medicine, and discusses the present controversy and thoughts.